The Misogynistic Henry Higgins - 1990 Words

The Misogynistic Henry Higgins The key to understanding George Bernard Shaw’s Pygmalion lies in understanding the power struggle between the â€Å"haves† and â€Å"have-nots† – specifically the active and intentional disenfranchisement of women at the turn of the 20th century. At the core of Pygmalion there is a focus on the societal inequities of the day, with Shaw presenting society’s treatment of women as property without rights and with little understanding of their surroundings or place in society. Throughout the 19th century, and into the early 20th century, when Shaw penned Pygmalion, British laws and society actively restrained women, both politically and economically. Unlike the United States, women in England were allowed to vote prior†¦show more content†¦Much of English society and government mirrored Higgins beliefs. In 1888, an appeals court judge, Lord Esther, ruled that â€Å"neither by Common Law nor by the Constitution of this country from the beginning of the Common Law until now can a woman be entitled to exercise any public function.† (Aked) This is notable because, just as with the Reform Act of 1832, the ruling was a detriment to women, as women were already â€Å"exercising public functions†, such as overseers, way-wardens, church-wardens and members of school boards. This ruling was the first of several rulings and legislations that removed rights and governmental access from women. These actions of the British Parliament led to the creation of several suffrage movement organizations in England, such as the Co-operative Society and The Labor Party, each with almost two and a half million members, as well as several smaller groups, such as The Women’s Liberal Association, The British Women’s Temperance Association, The Women’s Textile Union, The Women’s Labor League, The National Union of Women’s Suffrage Societies, The Women’s Social and Political Union, and The Men’s League for Woman Suffrage, as well as many others. It is well known that Shaw was an avid proponent of womens freedom and suffrage, and it is quite possible that Shaw wrote Pygmalion with the idea of promoting women’s suffrage as, only three years earlier, he had already penned aShow MoreRelatedThe Progression Of The Role Of Women2180 Words   |  9 Pages‘womanly’ again. In Pygmalion, it is the desire to be more ladylike that dr ives Eliza Doolittle, a poor Cockney flower girl, to be liberated. After meeting Henry Higgins and Colonel Pickering, both phoneticians, she accepts their offer to help her improve her speech and manners so that she can heighten her career prospects. In the process, Higgins falls in love with the lady he has created, through his hours of hard work of correcting her pronunciations, but nevertheless treats her as an object withoutRead MoreWhat Does a Comparison of the Way the Characters and Their Relationship Are Presented in Act One, Scene One with the Way the Characters and Their Relationship Are Presented in Act Two, Scenes One to Three Reveal About3558 Words   |  15 Pagesfor his drink in the future would not exist. Frank is also represented as a prejudiced character when he is rude about the Open University lady describing her application to the course as â€Å"some silly woman’s attempts to get into the mind of Henry James...† From the way Frank treats Julia here it is very likely that Frank’s respect for women is diminished; he constantly refers to her as â€Å"darling† and says once he has hung up â€Å"Yes, that’s it, you just pop off and put your head in the oven†.

Mcmillan Free Essays

There are many ideas that revolve around what is quality assessment. What can be done to make sure that we are ‘building proficiency in basic skills, closing achievement gaps, and fostering the top notch knowledge and skills that students will need in a competitive global society’ (Scherer, 2009, p. 5). We will write a custom essay sample on Mcmillan or any similar topic only for you Order Now The following paper identifies five key aspects of what represents quality assessment. The method of assessment can influence a student’s motivation and achievement. A student’s performance can be improved through their involvement in the assessment process and enable them to take responsibility for their own learning. McMillan states that by allowing a student to be involved in the grading criteria and apply those criteria to their work a teacher may increase the student’s motivation to learn and succeed. (McMillan 2000) Every student has an individual learning style, McMillan states that using multiple methods of assessment a teacher can shape the way students understands, processes, and uses information. By doing this a complete picture of what students understand can be compiled. Using multiple methods can assist to address each student’s strengths and weaknesses. (McMillan 2000) Just as assessment impacts student learning and motivation, it also influences the nature of what is being taught. (McMillan, 2000) McMillan states that when assessment is incorporated with instruction it informs teachers what activities and assignments would be most useful, and what level of teaching is appropriate, where her students are, when to ask more questions, when to give more examples and what responses to student questions is most appropriate (McMillan 2000). Fair and ethical assessment ensures that all students are given a level playing field, which they are given the opportunity to demonstrate what they know. The Standards presents four views of fairness: as absence of bias (e. g. , offensiveness and unfair penalization), as equitable treatment, as equality in outcomes, and as opportunity to learn. ’ (McMillan 2000) Teachers have limited time, they need to be able to achieve a balance between providing to provide a full understanding of study material and score re sults. Therefore the efficiency of assessments needs to be considered. There are many facets that exist within the process of assessment that can influence a student’s enthusiasm and achievement. Teachers need to recognise the ability of students to take control of their own achievement and accept responsibility for their own learning. Clay, M. (2002) An observation survey of early literacy achievement. New Zealand. Heinemann Education. Code of fair testing practices in education (1988). Washington, DC: Joint Committee on Testing Practices (American Psychological Association). Retrieved from http://ericae. net/code. htm McMillan, J. H. (2001). Essential assessment concepts for teachers and administrators. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin Publishing Company. McMillan, James H. (2000). Fundamental assessment principles for teachers and school administrators. Practical Assessment, Research ; Evaluation, 7(8). Retrieved from http://PAREonline. net/getvn. asp? v=7;n=8 McMillan, J,H. (2011). Classroom Assessment Principles and practice for effective standards-based instruction. Boston USA: Pearson Education Inc. Schafer, W. D. (1991). Essential assessment skills in professional education of teachers. Educational Measurement: Issues and Practice, 10, (1), 3-6. How to cite Mcmillan, Papers

I Really Wish I Could See My Grandfather Again free essay sample

The one I really wish I could see again is, my Grandfather Michael Sauro. He was an immigrant from Italy, who was an Air Force Veteran. My Grandfather had raised a great family of five in Syracuse, New York. He was married to my magnificent Grandmother for fifty-three years. He worked up until he was seventy-four years old. My Grandfather was a unique person. Being from a foreign country is a lot different from being in America. After serving in the Air Force and being discharged in 1955 my Grandfather settled down and found an amazing woman, my Grandmother. They had five wonderful kids. I only got to see him several times, because we live in Gulfport, MS and he lived in Syracuse, NY, but when I did get to see him I enjoyed it. He didn’t talk a lot like I do, but when he spoke it had meaning. If he was still alive I would learn so much more from him with raising a family and understand the importance of being dedicated to a profession. We will write a custom essay sample on I Really Wish I Could See My Grandfather Again or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I would take after him to keep the legacy going. Everything my Grandfather did had meaning. His five children, including my dad all raised fantastic kids. My Grandfather had a remarkable life, and cherished his family and his work. He is up in heaven with my Grandmother. I could have learned so much more about my Grandfather and his accomplishments. I especially like the way he treated us. He made our bad day’s good and good days better.

Sex Without Love By Sharon Olds Essays - Sexual Reproduction

Sex Without Love By Sharon Olds Sharon Olds' poem, Sex without Love, quite passionately expresses the poet's attitude toward loveless sex as a cold and hurtful act. She accomplishes this through her use of various poetic techniques which evoke clear images in the reader. Her opening words, How do they do it,..., do not simply offer question, but carry a negative connotation of the speaker shaking her head and throwing up her hands in a disgusted manner. Reminiscent of a mother looking at her errant teenager and exclaiming, How could you do such a thing?! She then throws us off the path by referring to her characters as beautiful as dancers.....maybe the initial impression was wrong? After all, that implied grace, and the same beauty we see in ice skaters, could lead us to think that this act might be quite lovely. Then Olds returns us to her reality offering the coolness of ice and the slight detachment that professional ice skaters exhibit as they glide almost without seeming to touch the surface. The image of fingers hooked inside each other's bodies is so clinical and conveys that detached feeling once again. There is no implication of gentle touch, as she continues to describe the participants. The similes used to describe the overheated lovers, faces red as steaks and wet as the children at birth also carry the same theme. By comparing a lover's face to a piece of cold, raw beef she leaves us with the image of these people using each other like pieces of meat...weren't many pick-up places referred to as 'meat markets'? The reference to mothers giving their children away expresses the speaker's attitude that these people are likely being irresponsible and without consideration for the consequences of their actions. The paradox contained in the image fingers hooked inside (continuing throug h)?give them away? is difficult to determine. Perhaps the representation of ?fingers hooked inside each other's bodies? is equating parts of the sex act to the way that an infant is inside a mother's womb. Line 8 stops us in our tracks - I found that the spacing made me feel an almost physcial halt in my reading. Her use of the pun, come to the combined with the reptition could express exasperation again, that kind of shoulder sagging, breath expelling, God help me type of exasperation when you just can't understand something at all. It also leads you to think that the speaker is describing the lover's climax, the repitition building to a peak which leads to the still waters, or the quiet aftermath. The spacing around the word ?God? causes it to stand out from the rest of the words and brings us, again, back to Olds' belief that sex and spiritual connection are important. She again returns us (in line 10) to her original premise by questioning how these two could travel this route together without love. It is common theory that men can participate in sexual activity with more removed emotion than women, pehaps our speaker/poet had experiences which were emotionally hurtful. She write this not long after the free love attitude of the 1970's, but clearly was never a believer! The reference to light rising, again evokes an image of cool brightness but then brings back the seemingly contradictory reference to the heat of steam rising. She talks of the true religious...the pros...ones who will not accept a false Messiah. This reference reminds us of her view of the lovemaking act as something spiritual, that should not be shared by those without love for each other. Line 16 continues with the reference to loving the priest instead of the God, implying her belief that sex and God are intertwined. She expresses the feeling that these lovers are hypocrites, professing to the truly religious but by using sex purely for their own pleasure are accepting a false God and behaving immorally. The reference to not mistaking the Priest for God could represent Olds' believe that these people are, perhaps, not confusing their partner in the act (the Priest) for what Olds would consider the spiritual act (the God) of making love, as one should not confuse the spiritual leader for the God or religion they represent. By stating that these

class differences in WW2 lit essays

class differences in WW2 lit essays In nearly every culture, certain distinctions exist which elevate particular members of society above others. These distinctions may be based upon age, wisdom, ancestry, gender or profession, but more often than not, class lines seem to be drawn on the basis of wealth. While the existence of these status groups may be harmless, when prejudice prevents the movement of individuals or social groups between and within classes, valuable human resources are being put to waste. This issue was of concern during the First World War. While the class system in place in Western Europe did allow for a certain amount of social mobility, distinctions among classes were nonetheless evident and well defined. Both Erich Maria Remarques All Quiet on the Western Front and Evadne Prices Not So Quiet... call attention to the idea that social position should be of little or no significance in the face of wartimes human pain, suffering and death. In All Quiet, the main character, a young German named Paul Baumer, enlists in the army. Initially, in his company, two distinct classes of individuals exist. Paul and his four schoolmates are well educated and of a higher station in life. They are still teenagers, fresh from school, and have volunteered for the war. The other group consists of peasants and common laborers. In the beginning of the novel the reader is made keenly aware of the differences between the two groups as Paul introduces the characters. Paul mentions his fellow classmates first. This ordering lends the idea that Paul thinks more highly of his classmates than he does of the other less-educated soldiers. The differentiation is further heightened by the syntax used. The common soldiers are described in an entirely different paragraph from the educated boys. Standing in the mess line, Paul says that close behind us were our friends (Remarque 3). Not only are these men physically behind in the line, the...

Cannabis in the USA

Cannabis in the USA Hemp and Cannabis has had a long, complicated history in the United States. Originally used by colonists for textile and industry, the way cannabis has been utilized has had a lasting effect on American society. Currently outlawed by the federal government, the use of cannabis has gone through many changes in recent years. By targeting minorities through the judicial system, being part of the war on drugs, and social prejudices- recreational cannabis use has been influential in mass incarceration, institutionalization of minorities, and prevented thorougeh medical research until recent. With the perception and status of marijuana in the United States rapidly changing, its effect has shifted American society. During the 1600s the colonies of Virginia, Massachusetts, and Connecticut had farms grow hemp to promote industry and economic stimulation. Used to manufacture rope and textile, the versatile plant had a varying implementation worldwide. Being extremely strong in its fibers and its durability caused many early farmers to utilize hemp and cannabis as their primary source of income. Being brought to the americas by the english navy, according to historian Martin booth, and was intended to be planted on over 10,000 acres once it reached the Americans. As colonists expanded they were introduced to the Native Americans species of the plant. This is when history of cannabis would transform. Before the 18th century the only smokable version of cannabis was hash, but as cannabis sativa was introduced to famers its use changed and marijuana was found in the americas. Although the female plant was smoked around the world in ritualistic tribal practices, the americas had yet to explore the plan ts intoxicating effect. Although its recreational us existed, the more popular and common use of the plant was medicinal. Used in tea to treat coughs, or as a painkiller marijuana became very useful in colonial america where modern medicine was not nearly advanced. This impacted the society of colonists as planters were able to sell and profit off the plant fairly easily. Its versatile use brought industry and economic development to colonists at a time where they sought to find their place on a new frontier. It wasnt until 1937 when marijuana use was criminalized in the United States, but this policy change came from a long social prejudice towards the plants and its users. When the Pure Food and Drug Act was passed in 1906 the perception of marijuana was seen by the public as an over the counter remedy as well as a drug used by the Mexican. Stories and rumors of nightmares and mania due to the affiliation with the culture of Mexican and colored peoples in American. As fearful sentiment grew, the campaign to make cannabis illegal grew. Because hemp production remained relevant, special interests were looking to control its production. This is one of the reasons legislatures pushed for its illegalization. State by state legislatures of the 1900s used the combination of racism and industrial instability to successfully outlaw cannabis federally. The Marijuana Tax Act of 1937 was the last step to restricting hemp and cannabis usage to wealthy industrialists and medical professionals. The ef fect of pushing this plant from the mainstream was it handed growth and distribution of the plant, now labeled drug, into the underground and criminal sector. Useful in many ways, the use of marijuana was not able to be fully prevented. By the 1960s the perception of the plant changed dramatically. No longer being socially embraced, marijuana was now a part of the drug community- leading to the perception that it is a gateway drug. In fact, marijuanas classification as a schedule I drug was justified vary minimally and actually goes against the DEA’s own definition. The DEA labels a drug schedule I if it posses a high potential for abuse, yet the studies done during the 1940s show that the plant is not as addictive and harmful as the public perceived. This had a long lasting effect not only on politics, but also on the social dynamics of areas infested with drugs. As President Richard Nixon was elected there were a few key problems on his agenda. Along with solving wars abroad, one of the cornerstone’s of nixon’s campaign was to reduce the rampant use of drugs in America. With the so-called crack epidemic at large, legislatures scrambled to find solutions. President Nixon’s solution was proposed as the â€Å"War on Drugs†- making drug abuse public enemy number one in the United States. America’s poor neighborhoods were littered with drug use, marijuana being included in the public’s perception of the issue, and led to many policy changes which would unfairly punish those in possession of small amounts of schedule I drugs. Mass incarceration, drug addiction, and social injustice all became entangled in a number of policies all hidden behind the government initiative to â€Å"fight† drugs. The government campaign claimed to prevent new addicts, and rehabilitation of those who are addicted, but in reality it would be directed toward eradication, interdiction, and incarceration. Cannabis played a large role in enabling corrupt and racist government officials to institutionalize people of color into a prison pipeline. Marijuanas controversial acceptance by some in the US government showed that the plant’s mis-classification caused extreme detriment to those in impoverished and uneducated communities. The funding for programs of education, prevention, and rehabilitation were cut from an annual average of $386 million to $362 million. This trend had enormous impacts on the targets of the war as the administration and policy makers targeted the wrong issue, and only fed the fire. Less education and more jobs left those suffering from addiction to dive deeper into their problems, until they were locked up, most likely for life. Sentences for minor drug possessions increased dramatically, and started the problem of mass incarceration in the United States. Sentences for these offenses changed once Congress enacted an abundance of laws requiring specific minimums of five or ten years or more for specific criminal acts regardless of the circumstances in which they might have been performed or the character of the guilty party. These statutes were confined to drug offenses.. In effect, the guidelines took the sentencing power away from the judiciary and handed it over to the prosecution. It was the focus on race which increased racial disparities in the judicial system. These systemic inequalities caused African Americans to be incarcerated at more than 5 times the rate of whites, according to Ethan Nadelmann in the Foreign Policy. Yet as years passed, so did legislation to a path towards legalization of marajuiana. In 2012 Colorado and Washignton became the first states to legalize recreational use. By taxing and regulation the use of marajuana, many changes and benefits were seen. The I-502 bill was able to be passed because of the public’s change in perception of marijuana. With 9 states following in 2018, citizens around the nation understood and came to accept recreational use. In colorado the effects were tremendous. Providing billions of dollars in revenue, the state was able to increase funding to publc works and education. The legalization process was extremely influential in pursuading other states to follow the trend as the economic boost was undeniable. The perception of marijuana in the United States changed mostly because of scientific research which was able to open the eyes of lawmakers and constituents alike. In understanding the plants possible applications in cancer treatment, tumor reduction, as well as its holistic versatility- states have become more willing to push towards legalization. The next step, it seems, is decriminalization as many victims of the war on drugs and disciminatory policing still remain behind bars for minor possession charges. With many support groups around the nation growing, many states look to the plant to bring an economic stimulant to their state.

Governance in Africa Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Governance in Africa - Essay Example Dictatorship is one of the major governance issues attracting attention from researchers, sociologists, political scientists, unions, economists and other leaders from other parts of the world. African countries have been facing dictatorship ruling in governance since the end of colonization. The term dictatorship originated from the Latin word dictatura, meaning a dictation. Many writers have defined the dictatorship in different ways. For instance, according to Bobbio (1), dictatorship refers to a system of governance that result to exploitation of working population. Dictatorship refers to illegitimate form of governance. A general definition describes dictatorship as a governance system where absolute power is held by a small group of people or a dictator. All authority originates from a single person or a small group of people. The common form of dictatorship evidenced in several countries, in Africa is despotism dictatorship. In this form of dictatorship, a single entity of governance in the country exists with absolute power. The origin of dictatorship in Africa can be traced after the World War II. During the Second World War, many Africans were deployed and taken to war fields in different countries. These people gained experience and skills of fighting the Europeans. Later after they retrieved from war fields, they organized themselves in different ways to fight the Europeans in acquisition of independent. After African states became independent first leaders acquired absolute power over citizens and some became dictators. According to Brucker (1), African dictatorship originated as a form of violent rule in the first thirty years of African independence after the end of European colonization. However, the violent rule decreased in 1990s after a large number of African countries adopted democratic rul e. Some states are still under dictatorship rule up to date. A number of factors have

Elephant As A Symbol Of The Colonialism In Orwells Novel Essay - 1

Elephant As A Symbol Of The Colonialism In Orwells Novel - Essay Example The elephant was often considered as the symbol of the author’s self, or the symbol of the Burmese economy under British rule or the Burmese natives. However, I think the elephant is the symbol of the British Empire and the beginning of its decline. If we consider the elephant as the symbol of the British Empire, it is important to analyze the author’s attitude to colonialism and British rule. The author is quite a clear statement that â€Å"imperialism was an evil thing† and that he was â€Å"all for the Burmese and all against their oppressors, the British†. The author also stresses that he hated his job (which is strange, though, since it was Orwell’s decision to become a police officer) and that it caused â€Å"an intolerable sense of guilt†. However, the general tone of the abstract suggests that the author has changed his opinion. It is known, that Orwell left Burma in 1927, and the story was written ten years later – enough time to reconsider some of the impressions of youth. Thus, Orwell writes that he was â€Å"young and ill-educated† and considered his problems to be the problems of â€Å"every Englishman in the East†. Author’s statements that he â€Å"did not even know that the British Empire is dying† and that he did not know that â€Å"it is a great deal better than the younger empires that are going to supplant it† prove that Orwell was not categorical as to his opinions about the British rule. Also, it is strange that the author expressed his hatred towards, for example, â€Å"young Buddhist priests†: â€Å"the greatest joy in the world would be to drive a bayonet into a Buddhist priest’s guts†. Orwell, as the representative of administration, was aware that the so-called Young Men’s Buddhist Association (which existed in Burma and other Buddhist countries) represented the movement for independence from the British rule.

Proctor reluctantly Essay Example for Free

Proctor reluctantly Essay This powerful line comes in act 4 when Proctor reluctantly confesses to seeing the devil. He is now passionate about making sure his name doesnt get put up on the church door. This is the line that starts the incredible build up of emotion and frustration leading to the dramatic climax of the play. Saying it with a cry of his whole soul shows how much his name means to him. There isnt a more emotional way he could say it than with his whole soul. John Proctor would rather give up his life than his name. The exclamation mark at the end and the word cry shows he should shout the words with a lot of emotion and passion. I can imagine the actor looking very angry and yelling the line with his arms spread and his fists clenched in rage at the prospect of losing his dignity and reputation. I think when he says the line the other charactors will be silenced and be shocked by his flood of emotion. This abrupt line would surprise the audience and it might make them sympathize with Proctor. In Act 2 John is asked by Hale to repeat the Ten Commandments and remembers all but thou shalt not commit adultery and has to be reminded of it by Elizabeth. It is ironic that Proctor forgets this sin because of the affair he had with Abigail. Adultery was seen as a terrible sin in the Puritan society and adultery was taken very seriously. From Elizabeths perspective this would make her feel uncomfortable as she is wounded by her husbands affair: Proctor (as though a secret arrow had pained his heart): Aye. The description Miller uses to show how Proctor should say the line is very dramatic and the simplicity of just using the word Aye will also have dramatic impact. I can imagine the actor almost whispering the word, dropping his head in shame and with a crack in his voice. This might have the effect of generating sympathy from the audience for both Elizabeth and John. It also adds to the build up of tension creating an expectant atmosphere. Arthur Miller is very good at making the audience feel very involved. One of the ways he does this is by using a technique called dramatic irony. Dramatic irony is when there is contradiction between what a character thinks and what the audience knows to be true. For example in Act 3 Proctor confesses to the court that he had an affair with Abigail. He tells them that Elizabeth knew about the affair and this is why his wife put Abigail out of the house. Danforth sends for Elizabeth and orders that no one is to speak to her and Proctor to turn his back. She is asked about the affair. Not knowing that Procter has confessed and trying to protect Proctor, she lies and denies all knowledge of the affair between John and Abigail. She realizes too late that she should have told the truth and she is led away. During this most tense scene the audience would feel very frustrated with Elizabeth and be willing her to tell the truth. The audience would feel sorry for Elizabeth as she lied to protect Proctor even though it was about his affair, which deeply hurt Elizabeth. At this point in the play I felt desperate for Elizabeth to tell the truth. Arthur Miller uses very powerful stage directions in The Crucible. He uses them for several reasons. One of the reasons is to describe a movement or action of a character. He directs this line at Mary Warren. His wife has just been arrested on suspicion of witchcraft after a poppet is found in her house, which Mary made. This movement prepares us for the dialogue, which is to follow: Proctor (moving menacingly towards her): You will tell the court how that poppet came here and who stuck the needle in. This shows the mood that Proctor is in. Proctor is furious at Mary and wants to scare her into telling the court. The movement would draw everyones attention towards the actor. I think the word menacingly would mean that the actor would walk purposely with an edge of threat towards the girl. He would tower over Mary ready for the dialogue. By this point the audience would be anticipating though his actions what would be going to happen next. In Act 4 Proctor is losing control and is confused about his decision of confessing to seeing the devil: (He moves as an animal, and a fury is riding in him, a tantalized search). This stage direction would enable the actor to behave in a dramatic, inhuman manner. I can imagine the actor pacing and his eyes searching for answers. It would give the actor the opportunity to take centre stage and exploit this important twist of the play. This would add dramatic tension and a feeling of anticipation of what Proctor was going to do next. I think the actor would pace up and down the stage quickly with his body quite tensed up. I think Arthur Miller was successful in creating tension in The Crucible. He does this through a variety of methods. Firstly his use of dark, forbidding sets. This gives the idea of tension before the scenes have even begun and the characters have started speaking. His use of dramatic dialogue and stage directions build up the tension and help the actors relate to the character and perform the play with more emotion towards the characters. Through dramatic irony he involves the audience and manages to maintain their interest throughout the play. Miller portrays the characters in an intense way. The relationships between them are very close, with the stifling intimacy of their lives adding to the slow build up of hysteria in the play. I found the most dramatic moment in the play was when Proctor confessed to his affair. Elizabeth was then asked if she knew about the affair but she denied all knowledge of this. This was a particularly tense moment because anxiety and frustration was high; the characters along with the audience wanted her to tell the truth, fearing the consequences of a lie. This had the affect of making me feel nervous that something could go wrong and also involved because I knew about Proctors confession. I felt that Abigails character was especially strong and influential in the play. She was the root of all the troubles. I felt pity for Elizabeth because of Abigail; her affair with Proctor and her accusations about Elizabeths involvement in witchcraft destroyed her life. Miller has the ability to pull the audience into the lives of the characters by his use of dramatic devices and theatrical techniques, which maintain interest and participation throughout the play. Miller made me feel nervous and frustrated in The Crucible. He made me feel sympathy, fear and anxiety towards the characters. For example I felt great empathy for Elizabeth Proctor as her husband betrayed her and then she was accused of being a witch. Miller uses the other characters to portray Elizabeth as a cold person but through our knowledge of her as the play progresses we become emotionally involved with her and come to realize what a strong courageous woman she is. With Elizabeth, as with many other characters, Miller allows us to make up our own minds about their honesty and strength as we are drawn into the characters lives and we begin understand the double standards and different tensions that are operating throughout The Crucible.

Anti-Consumerism in the Works of Kerouac, Ginsberg, and Roth Essay

Anti-Consumerism in the Works of Kerouac, Ginsberg, and Roth    After World War II, Americans became very concerned with "keeping up with the Joneses." Everyday people were not only interested in fulfilling the American Dream because of the optimistic post-war environment, but also because of the economic emphasis on advertising that found a new outlet daily in highway billboards, radio programs, and that popular new device, the television. With television advertising becoming the new way to show Americans what they did not (and should) have came a wide-eyed and fascinated interest in owning all kinds of things, products, and devices suddenly necessary in every home. One could not only hear about new necessary items, but see them as well. Meanwhile, marketplaces and small shops were being dismantled to create the supermarket, a temple of consumerism where any passerby may walk in and purchase almost anything he or she desires without a thought of their neighbor, who runs the suffering little fruit stand around the corner. The literary rebellion o f the 1960's was concerned, in part, with the desire to break down this growing consumer culture. Not everyone was so easily lulled by the singsong mottoes and jingles of television advertising and the call of the national supermarket. Poets like Allen Ginsberg, Lawrence Ferlinghetti, and Jack Kerouac began struggling, in writing, against the oppression of having. As Buddhists, these writers saw the growing desire to fill whims and wants with items easily purchased as harmful to the ability to transcend suffering (instead of eliminating it). Combining the strategies of Asian Buddhist monks with American transcendentalist theory provided by Henry David Thoreau and Ralph Waldo Emer... ...e when the rest of the nation was blindly enjoying their television programs and the convenience of the supermarket, these writers made strong statements warning against the love of things. During the 50's and 60's, many middle- and upper-class Americans had worked hard to afford conveniences, but Ginsberg, Kerouac, and Roth would say that it is not enough to "deserve" your participation in the consumerist culture. Rather, they would say the consumerist culture, by nature, is mentally and culturally enslaving and to be avoided when possible for the sake of the integrity of the individual spirit. Works Cited: Allen, Donald (ed.). The New American Poetry 1945-1960. Berkeley, CA: U. of California P. 1960. Kerouac, Jack. The Dharma Bums. New York: Penguin Books. 1958. Roth, Philip. Goodbye, Columbus and Five Short Stories. New York: Modern Library. 1959.

Leadership Study Essay

Question 1: What is your opinion of Gerry’s approach to evaluating the output of the new-product development group? While Gerry seems ready for fresh and new product ideas, his approach to evaluating ideas presented by Maria and the new-product development group is harsh and in my opinion put forth as disapproval vice constructive criticism. The team has been working hard and Gerry’s comments, â€Å"I get the impression that there is a lot of activity going on here, but it does not seem to be focused activity†, would make me defensive and rather than listening to Gerry, Maria is probably thinking about how to respond to the snide comments and feedback. Gerry could have been more tactful and should have been more supportive when turning down the teams ideas and putting Maria on the defensive. As a result, they are likely to interpret criticism as a personal attack on their self-worth.1 (DuBrin, 2013, p. 362) It would have been better in my opinion to say nothing o r use tact in his approach and rather than criticize, he could have used it as a coaching opportunity and turned down Maria’s idea with constructive feedback. Question 2: Do you think that Maria is getting too sensitive to criticism? Gerry’s comments are not constructive but rather criticism so, no, I don’t think Maria is getting too sensitive to Gerry’s criticism. Garth Laidlaw pointed out that new-product development is a risky business and that 90 percent of new-product ideas never make it to the market shelves so Gerry should’ve expected some failures. I think Gerry should have come into the venture using what DuBrin calls a use loose-tight leadership style. Looseness refers to granting space for new ideas and exploration, whereas a tight approach means finally making a choice among the alternatives.2 (DuBrin, 2013, p. 365) Innovation is also enhanced when workers throughout the organization are able to purse absurd ideas without penalty for being wrong or for having wasted some resources.3 (DuBrin, 2013, p. 365) Question 3: How do constraints on creativity enter into this case? Gerry is not practicing transformational leadership and fostering an environment for change and innovation. The executive office sees a need for innovation, establishes a team and even places the team away from the corporate flag but I didn’t see Gerry having a clear vision or  providing any type of guidance on the types of goods or sector that the new product development group should focusing their talents. Information about establishing a climate for creativity can be divided into (1) leadership and managerial practices for enhancing creativity and (2) methods for managing creative workers.4 (DuBrin, 2013, p. 357) Gerry wants innovation and creativity, provided resources but his rigid leadership style would hinder creativity in any organization. One should provide excellent tools and resources, give creative people flexibility, turn down ideas gently, and employ creative people to manage and evaluate creati ve workers.5 (DuBrin, 2013, p. 366) The company seems focused on innovation for its own sake without a clear goal in mind, and Gerry is quick to criticize the ideas presented by the innovation team rather than recognizing opportunities in lemons. It takes a lot of lemons to make lemonade.

Early Childhood Research and Practice Essay

From the heading I am able to see that the journal is going to be about â€Å"Learning Stories and Children’s Powerful Mathematics. † There are three authors in total who were part of the publishing of the journal, they are Bob Perry, Sue Dockett and Elspeth Harley. It is possible to find out a great deal of information about the authors, for example what university they attended, their current job roles and what they are interested in researching. The journal was published in the Early Childhood Research Practice, and it can only be found here. The journal has been peer reviewed. From reading the title and the abstract, I have learnt that â€Å"The approaches to teaching and learning mathematics in Australian preschools and schools can be quite different. † It is believed that different cultures are taught in different ways, however I would have to disagree with this statement, as schools today have multicultural classes, therefore every child has an equal opportunity and is taught the core subjects in the same way. The introduction made it clear that there is often conflict between this increase in formality and the play-based, child-centred philosophies of prior-to-school settings (Thomson, Rowe, Underwood, & Peck, 2005). They key to the research was to investigate young children’s mathematical experiences. The article was set out under numerous headings, separating key information into paragraphs. With-in the articles there are also tables showing how maths can be linked with play and whether it is a successful way of teaching the younger generation. Two of the authors of this paper worked with a small group of early childhood educators for two days in 2005 and two days in 2006. This paper reports how the powerful mathematical ideas and the developmental learning outcomes were brought together by a group of practicing early childhood educators into a numeracy matrix that encouraged the educators to plan, implement, and assess their practices. It also considers the use of learning stories by the early childhood educators to assess the mathematics learning of preschool children. Their list bears many similarities to other such lists (see, for example, Greenes, Ginsburg, & Balfanz, 2004; National Council of Teachers of Mathematics, 2000). Learning Stories are qualitative snapshots, recorded as structured written narratives, often with accompanying photographs that document and communicate the context and complexity of children’s learning (Carr, 2001). Luke has been given the opportunity, through the provision of time, materials, and space, to â€Å"participate purposefully in spatial tasks† and to â€Å"demonstrate flexibility and to make choices. † The article was easy to follow and fulfilled all of its set aims. Through their use of the numeracy matrix, the educators are now able to see how each of the powerful ideas contributes to the DLO. One of them was able to suggest that the work with the numeracy matrix had helped them see how the DLOs were the capstones to all that they were trying to do in all learning areas The purpose of this paper was to introduce the numeracy matrix, which has been developed as part of the Southern Numeracy Initiative in South Australia. subjective evidence from the participants in the Southern Numeracy Initiative suggest that the use of the numeracy matrix and the thinking behind it have had positive effects on the pedagogical practices of the early childhood educators involved. However some educators disagreed with this and the source can’t be trusted. The article gave a to the point review of what they were trying to achieve and also gave references so if you wanted to further your knowledge on the topic or similar reports then you could do so. Unlike previous articles, this one did not relate to anything that I have previously read. It interested me as I believe that maths is over looked and there is a great amount of ways in linking it in with everyday play and practice; however some educators do not do that. With Australia now putting this â€Å"matrix† into place others may follow suit and see the positive outcomes. References Australian Association of Mathematics Teachers and Early Childhood Australia. (2006). Position paper on early childhood mathematics. Retrieved March 7, 2010, from http://www.aamt. edu. au Carr, Margaret. (2001). Assessment in early childhood settings: Learning stories. London: Paul Chapman. Carr, Margaret, & Claxton, Guy. (2002). Tracking the development of learning dispositions. Assessment in Education, 9(1), 9-37. Greenes, Carole; Ginsburg, Herbert P. ; & Balfanz, Robert. (2004). Big math for little kids. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 19(1), 159-166. Thomson, Sue; Rowe, Ken; Underwood, Catherine; & Peck, Ray. (2005). Numeracy in the early years: Project Good Start. Melbourne: Australian Council for Educational Research.

8 Simple Steps To Help You Find a Job in 30 Days

8 Simple Steps To Help You Find a Job in 30 Days You need a new job and you need one fast. Maybe you’ve just been laid off, or quit, or you’re just starting out, or you’re doing some secret  job hunting from a position in which you’re miserable. No matter your reasons, if you follow these steps, you’ll have a great shot at scoring a new job in 30 days. 1. Make a spreadsheet.Excel is your friend in the organization game. And organization is the key to getting a job fast. Keep track of company name, position title, a link to the job posting itself, application materials, due dates, plus the date you applied, follow-up dates, and notes. If you hate Excel, try JibberJobber or Fresh Transition instead. But do keep all your details organized and easily referenced- you’ll be glad you did.2. Do your homework.Be informed- very informed- about the industry you’re applying into. Research every company and every position. Research the people who might be interviewing you and supervising you. R esearch the top people and the company’s mission. The more you know and the more prepared you are, the better you’ll do. And the more you strategize and target your applications, the more efficient your search will be.3. Budget your time.Once you have a game plan and an organizational system, you’ll want to devote time every day to your job search for 30 days. You couldn’t possibly spend all day every day on it, but even just 30 minutes of concentrated work every day will move you that much closer to the finish line.4. Dig deep.What do you actually want in a job? What have you liked and disliked about your current and former positions? Why do you want a change? Think about your values and which kind of work environments suit you best. Try to aim for places that match up with your innate talents and tastes first. You’ll be a better fit right out of the gate.5. Get social.Your promo toolbox consists of your social media platforms. Get them all up to fighting speed. Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn†¦ make sure you have these accounts and that they are active and up to date. Make sure you’re using them correctly and are working consistently toward building your personal online brand.6. Network.The one step you’d probably like to avoid is probably the most important. Sometimes all the difference is made in who you know and who knows you. Think of it as initiating mutually beneficial relationships. Keep in mind what you have to offer! It’s not just a one-way street.7. Follow up.Your interviewer will likely tell you that they will be in touch with you soon. Tell them immediately how much you appreciate their taking the time to interview you and mention that you are eagerly awaiting a response. Then follow up with the same. Send a handwritten thank you note- you’d be surprised at how effective this can be! Then follow up with a phone call if you haven’t heard back in two weeks. And don’t forg et to note when and how you’ve followed up on your spreadsheet.8. Be patient.Keep looking. Keep working at it. Don’t get discouraged after a few rejections. If you’re consistent and keep honing your tools, you’ll get there.That being said, once you’ve hit all of these checkpoints, you will need to develop your resume into an excellent promotional document. Take a look at these resume hacks that will help you  turn your resume into a top notch contender, for any job. Remember, your resume is a document that sells you and your qualifications to the employer. The more effort you put into it, the better off you’ll be.

Research problem and literature review Proposal

Problem and literature review - Research Proposal Example Majority of the school teachers do not pay proper attention to these students to teach them effective and correct English. Due to these reasons the students have to face problems in their higher classes as English is the only medium of teaching in higher studies. On the other hand, the students of UAE look towards their guides and teachers with great hope. According to these students, the teachers are most competent and they will help these students to learn good English within a short period of time. It doubles the responsibility of the English teachers. Therefore, majority of the English teachers become disappointed and fed up. As a result, the English teachers leave the institutions or schools before the completion of their contract. The teachers need to have little patience, significant competency level, intelligence and effective management and leadership skills to handle these kind of situations. It will help the teachers to achieve their personal career goals. Research Questio n Depending upon the above discussion the research question has been formulated as: â€Å"What are the problems and remedies of teaching English to the students of UAE†? Literature Review Teaching second language to the students is not an easy task for the teachers. Second language should be taught efficiently with patience, hard work and self invented methodologies. These will help the teachers to teach second language to the students in effective way. According to Ansari (2012), it is important for the teachers to find out the difficulties and problems faced by the students (Ansari, 2012, p.521). Once the difficulties and problems are found out, the task becomes easy for the teachers to implement appropriate methods, plans and strategies. An intelligent, competent, co-operative and hardworking teacher is necessary for the students in order to learn second language in an appropriate way. According to Rosenthal (2000), when the students start learning the second language or a ny foreign language, they can face several problems and difficulties due to the lack of language proficiency (Rosenthal, 2000, p.141). At this point of time, only the teachers can rescue them from this critical situation. It is the responsibility of the teacher to understand the problems of the students and solve those problems accordingly through effective processes and methodologies. The teachers frame the course curriculum in an appropriate way so that the students can learn the language effectively and appropriately. It is important for the teachers to select effective reading materials for the students and create a suitable English learning environment in the class room. The students also face several problems, such as socio-cultural problems, writing problems and subject related problems while learning the second language. They also face problems in recognizing the alphabets and pronouncing even simple words. The socio-cultural background of the students generally plays an imp ortant role in learning of second language as there are cultural differences among the students. This cultural unawareness confuses the students. At this critical stage, only the teachers can help the students to overcome the situation by effective

Project Proposal. What strategies have proven most successful in Essay

Project Proposal. What strategies have proven most successful in getting the writer an interview - Essay Example A resume is a vital marketing tool. It enlightens a prospective employer everything concerning a person and what one is capable of bringing to the profession. It is also an opening for them to evaluate ones language, writing, and proficiency in presentation. While the standards of a resume alone will not make certain that one is selected, a resume that is well developed and that markets one as a viable candidate can in the long run establish whether one will be shortlisted for an interview. Introduction The aim of this project is to analyze concerning why it is fundamental to comprehend what companies look for in cover letters and resumes. It is also of significance to make out what to write when making a resume in order to be considered for a job opening. The majority of resumes are only reviewed for a maximum of 10 seconds prior to being disqualified (Block & Betrus, 1997). On this paper, I will illustrate systematically the way in which companies review and choose prospective cand idates for a job interview based on the quality of the resume. Discussion The project will be based on perception approach, which it will offer arguments in its favor, beginning with the most important to the least important. The points to be delivered will be: The significance of writing a resume that is successful Comparison and contrasting of the disparity between a hardcopy resume and an online resume The major points to consider when writing a resume I will investigate concerning why it is essential to understand what companies are seeking in cover letters and resumes. I will also explore the disparities involving a hard copy resume and a resume from the Internet. In addition, I will investigate the strategies which have proven most successful in getting the writer an interview. The reason why I chose this topic is because I am interested in learning how organizations make decisions when evaluating a resume. I will also compared and contrast the disparities involving a resume i n  hard copy form and a resume in electronic form. I am planning to use books from the public library, DeVry online library, magazines, journals and the Internet. At the conclusion of this project, I will have a better comprehension of the significance of creating a resume that is admirable in order to be successful when applying for a job position. What strategies have proven most successful in getting the writer an interview? It is obvious that everyone has heard of the expression first impressions are lasting ones. Well ones resume is the initial meeting involving an individual and a potential employer more frequently now than ever (Bennett, 2005). Therefore, in what manner does one want to be remembered: Craggy and unorganized; orderly and structured; lengthy and lackluster; or precise and remarkable? Organizations do not have the time to interview all candidates that are concerned with the job. If they did, there would be no organization to work for. Hiring managers employ an elimination process, which is resumes. Resumes inform an employer a great deal regarding an individual. Where one has been, where one is and where one is headed. Nevertheless, the details ought to be given in brief and clearly. One only has limited moments to persuade the hiring manager that his/her resume is worthy of additional

Ang Lees Eat Drink Man Woman and Cultural Values of Contemporary Chin Essay

Ang Lees Eat Drink Man Woman and Cultural Values of Contemporary China - Essay Example The inclusion of the fast food restaurant demonstrates the film’s thematic concern with Western influence in Eastern culture, as fast food has primary been identified as a Western entity. This theme is also developed with the inclusion of the Christian sermon. The film explores the Eastern/Western dichotomy through the perspectives of two of the sisters. The more liberal sister is more accepting of Western values and perspectives and has a relationship with a man who had lived in the United States. The conservative sister, by contrast, refused to follow her love interest after graduation to the United States and her life has been lived in opposition to this decision since. Food is a central concern of the film and is used for a number of symbolic purposes. Indeed, director Lee himself even indicated that he incorporated food as a central metaphor (Berry 2005). In one scene the father encounters the young girl while jogging and asks her why she is eating breakfast at the bus stop and she tells him she doesn’t have time for breakfast. As she enters the bus one sees the distress in the father’s eyes as a result of the conflicting new world values embodied in the time constraints of a modern society that eliminate the opportunity to sit and eat breakfast. Another significant thematic concern is the nature of love and social relations. The film explores an old world vs. new world dichotomy. These contrasting values are embodied in the perspectives of the sisters. One sister who is moving out has embraced a more liberal sensibility that understands relations to be based on a more open, and ever-changing foundation where being with multiple partners is permitted and leaving someone when the relationship has soured is acceptable. The other sister embraces a conservative sensibility and believes that a relationship should be long term. They two differ on the  nature of their parent's relationship, with their argument indicating the clash of these value systems.  

Democracy in America Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Democracy in America - Essay Example If the headlines and pundits are to be believed, the American government is a wreck. The reality of the situation is the American government is alive, well and working much the way it was designed by the gentlemen that crafted it over two hundred years ago. The system of checks and balances keeps any one branch of the government from bullying the other, personal liberties are vigorously defended each day and an amazing amount of services, from safe food to national defense, are provided ceaselessly to the American people. Considering the often touted inefficiencies of our democratic government and the wonderful things that are actually accomplished and achieved each day, it is clear that there are certain aspects of the constitution that could be changed or updated. This is clear when one looks at many of the social issues that face the nation at this time. The changes do not need to be profound, but as in any system, when you make a change to one part of the system, you may see nega tive effects in other parts. As we examine the parts of the out governmental structure, it becomes apparent that our modern society requires some changes to how people are elected to government, how the departments of government works, the relationship of the executive to the other branches of government and even some of the personal liberties enjoyed in the Bill of rights. ... I would increase the length of term for a member of the House of Representatives to four years. As it stands now, most of the House of Representatives spend their time running for re-election and not running the country. Elections every two years are a huge distraction to these members of congress. Running an election is more complicated and expensive than it was when the constitution was established. For this reason, members of the house should have longer terms. The House of Representatives should have 25% of its members being elected each year. This means that some of the members will always be running for office, but it also ensures that there will be constant turnover if people are not pleased with the way the House of Representatives is running the nation. These changes will result in more focused legislators and a more responsive House. The second change that should be made concerns the role of money in the electoral process. The entire process of getting elected now focuses o n having enough money to get your message out, hire staff and run negative advertisements against your opponents. The only donors that can give enough money to really influence a national campaign are the ultra-wealthy and large corporations. The Supreme Court has recently ruled that corporations can make unlimited, anonymous contributions to political parties and individuals though Political Action Committees (Liptak, 2010). This ruling is very dangerous for our democratic process. The Court reasoned that money is the same as speech, as protected in the Bill of Rights. The justices ruled that if the government curtailed the spending of money in the political process, then it would be the same a curtailing

Strategies for Effective Succession Planning

Strategies for Effective Succession Planning Abstract Most managers know that talented people are hard to find. If managers try to replace current employees, they often find that recruiting comparably qualified employees from outside the company may cost much more than keeping current employees. Companies will face problems when employees retire and take with them the knowledge and experiences. Succession planning is about filling the organizations talent pipeline and building internal bench strength. This paper through qualitative analysis, literature research and inductive methods of analysis, based on this study constitute the framework of dissertation. In this paper I try to explain effective succession plans and how to institute a succession plan. By citing some cases of some popular companies to explain why companies need succession plans and how these plans affect companies. Succession plan helps to ensure leadership continuity in key positions, retain and develop future intellectual and knowledge capital. Companies may face seri ous human resources crisis. By writing this research paper I realize no matter I am an employee or employer, I should always consider the future. The world is changing fast, only if I prepare for the change in the future can I chase the pace of the world. Keyword: succession planning, continuity, replacement, effect, HR crisis Introduction More and more managers are complaining that they cannot find satisfied employees to fill the void in working positions. When some excellent employees leave their companies, its hard to recruit new employees who are competent to the jobs. In todays fast-paced world, organizations cant miss a beat, especially when it involves their people. The reason that these organizations are facing this dilemma is they dont prepare well for the future. Its a disaster when organizations cannot get the right people to replace the positions in time. However, some famous companies like Microsoft, Intel and Apple; they seldom face this kind of problem. Lets take a look at how these well-know corporations deal with this. Steve Jobs, the CEO of Apple, has always had to leave his job because his health state. Usually a company will be affected by the absence of its CEO. However, during his absence, Apple maintained operated smoothly and successfully. Even nobody has questioned: What will Apple do without Steve? Over the last 40 years, Intel has maintained a high level of growth and creation while it has transited through five CEOs. Paul Otellini, Intels current CEO, had been working at Intel for more than 30 years before becoming CEO, and his supervisors have devoted their whole careers time at this company. Innovation and predictability have become the characteristic of the Intel. On the other hand, the replacement of Bill Gates at Microsoft was a schemed case that cost Microsoft more than eight years to complete. The long-term strategy would give Microsoft a chance to absorb new managers into the management level and provide the guarantee which both customers and investors are looking for. (Douglas Welton, 2009) In fact, not only these companies, all the successful companies use a helpful tool to maintain high-quality continuity in leadership. This wonderful tool is calledsuccession planning, thats the key point why they can operate successfully all the time. Main body Background In previous years, labor in the United States was plentiful and taken for granted. Managers had lots of time to evaluate and prepare employees for advancement over long time spans and to overstaff as insurance against surprise losses in key positions. That was true in that time because most jobs did not require comprehensive prequalification. Seniority (sometimes called job tenure), as measured by time with an organization or in an industry, was sufficient to ensure advancement. Succession planning and management activities mainly concentrated on leaders at the peak of tall organizational hierarchies because organizations were controlled from the top down and were thus heavily dependent on the knowledge, skills, and attitudes of top management. However, as time changed, few organizations have the luxury to overstaff in the face of drastic global competition from low-cost labor abroad and economic restructuring efforts. That is particularly true in high-technology companies where several months experience may be the equivalent of a years work in a more stable industry. At the same time, products, markets, and management activities have grown more complex. Many jobs now require extensive prequalification, both inside and outside organizations. Its not just for positions, leadership competency have become important factors fewer employees compete for diminishing advancement opportunities. As employee authority has broadened the extend of decision makers, leadership influence can be exerted at all hierarchical levels rather than limited to those few granted authority by virtue of their lofty titles and managerial positions. (William J. Rothwell, 2010) Unfortunately, United States is facing a demographic crisis. From these two charts of US population by age, we can see from 1965-2025, people who are 55 or older is the most fast growing group and they make up the main population of US, Whereas the population of other groups is maintaining nearly the same. Baby Boomers started leaving their positions in 2008. Its supposed that Gen X will replace Baby Boomers positions. However, the population of Gen X is much smaller than Baby Boomers; most of them are too young to be qualified to some managing positions, so Gen X cannot fill the void which results from Boomers leaving. The average retirement age in US was 62; it means the number of people who are not working is becoming larger. From 2010 the growth rate of labor force will fall dramatically from 12% to 2%. Projected labor force change by age shows huge hole in future workforce. What happens to work force if more and more employees are retiring with a low growth rate of work force? Definitely it results in a shrinking pool in workforce. Its a bad news to companies because they will suffer a lot if they cannot find the right person to fill the positions in time, especially when some skillful and experienced senior managers leave or retire from companies. For these reasons, organizational leaders must take proactive steps to plan for future talent needs at all levels and implement programs designed to ensure that the right people are available for the right jobs in the right places and at the right times to get the right results. The continuity of the organization over time requires a succession of persons to fill key positions. The best way to find talented individuals to fill roles in your organization is not the typical system of placing ads, making calls, and looking for individuals who might be unhappy in their current positions, and trying to do this during the two-week notice period of a departing employee is not going to help to find the best person for the position. (William J. Rothwell, 2010) Thats where succession planning comes in. Whats succession planning? Succession planning is a process for identifying and developing internal people with the potential to fill key leadership positions in the company. Succession planning increases the availability of experienced and skillful employees that are hopeful to undertake these roles as they become available. This process focuses on seeking the right person, not just the available person. Its built on the idea of recognizing the potential leaders in organization and developing them so that they are ready to move up when the opportunity arises. Its one of the best methods to promote recruitment and retention in organization. Although people often mix up replacement plans and succession planning, the latter goes beyond former planning because its focus is larger than one position or department. While often related to planning for senior executive replacements only, it is really broader than that can extend as far down the organization chart as managers want to go. It also differs from replacement planning because successors are considered by level on the organization chart. A talent pool is identified based on each level of management and a typical goal is to prepare as many successors as possible to be 80 percent ready for promotion to any position at the next level on the organization chart. The remaining 20 percent of development is provided when individuals have been promoted to higher level responsibility. Succession planning is usually based on the assumptions that: A goal is to identify a talent pool of many people who are willing to be considered for promotion and work to be developed for it. The future may not be like the past, and the competencies required at each level may be different in the future so that merely cloning past leaders is not appropriate. Development occurs primarily on the job rather than by off-the-job training experiences. (William J. Rothwell, 2007) Why succession planning matters? Some people question whether its worth to spend time and money on succession planning. They argue that, with many people losing their jobs and working below their skill level, it should be easy to find satisfied replacements for the reduced number of people who can afford to retire at a time that retirement funds with the stock market. But that thought is not true. The people who leave their work do not match perfectly to the people who will be replaced as retirements or job growth. For example, the job growth in health cares. How many workers leave from information technology can become accountants? The fact is that succession planning is needs whenever in good and bad situations. Organizations should consider the future; they should plan for change in the future. Competition for the talents is tend to be more and more intense, just rely on the external human resources will delay the development of organization. They should focus on the internal human resources planning to maximize the advantage of companys value. Succession planning is critical to the business because the high-potential employees will one day become the leaders of the Company. This is why they need to be provided with opportunities to learn widely in organizations. These candidates should also be trained to widen their experiences to look into the working environment so that they can get a good understand of what are they expected to be to remain successful. Another reason its important is the candidates recognized in the plan will eventually bear the responsibility for assuring the company is capable of meeting future challenges. These high potential candidates must be carefully selected and then provided training and development that gives them skills and competencies needed for tomorrows business environment.( Tom Bartridge,2005) It helps to improve employees commitment and retention, by given the opportunity to become high-potential leaders, employees will become more active in engaging the planning. To meet the career development expectations of existing employees, they will work harder to get the chance. The world is changing fast; the knowledge is exploding every day, so as the marketing organizations face. What is important today may become inferior next month. Organizations will be in trouble without plans for future change. To meet the responding flexibly to change, a succession plan is necessary. Succession planning does not belong to big companies only. Small business like family-owned firms also needs it. Succession planning is an important component of any business strategy process. Family-owned firms make 80% to 90% of all United States business, yet only 3% of all family businesses survive beyond the third generation. Succession planning will aid the business owners in preparing for the time when they arrive retire, addressing extreme matters such as illness or death, securing the survival of the business through the transition of ownership, maximizing the return of the retiring owners investment and minimizing tax burden at transfer. Succession planning process Now lets look at one of the most famous business leaders, Jack Welch, who started his working at General Electric in 1960. As he raised his position in the organization he displayed leadership qualities that distinguished him from his peers. What did Jack Welch think about succession planning? One of his most admired skills was the ability to develop his subordinates so there was always someone ready to take his place when Jack was offered a promotion. How successful was his strategy? In 1981 he became the CEO of General Electric and served in that position until he retired in 2000. Furthermore, in 1991, Jack Welch stated: From now on, choosing my successor is the most important decision Ill make. It occupies a considerable amount of thought almost every day. Thats a very strong statement for someone who owns the prospective and leadership competency to increase the value of General Electric from $13 billion to $410 billion dollars during his tenure. Its clear that succession planning and development of future leaders does not exist lonely. It needs to reflect the companys strategic goal. For any organizations to implement an effective succession plan, a number of key issues that need to be considered: The succession planning program must have the support and backing of the companys senior level management. Identify what skills the organization will need in 5, 10 or 15 years. Identify high-performers that are almost ready to step into those critical positions. Analyze the workforce and identify who will be eligible for retirement within the next Critical positions must be identified and included in the Companys succession planning program. Succession planning must be part of an integrated HR process that includes training, development and performance appraisal. A system for communicating succession planning information to managers must be established. Managers need to identify the responsibilities, skills and competencies that will be needed by their replacements. A systematic approach for identifying, nominating and selecting potential successors must be established. Background information on potential successors, such as education, experience, skills, appraisals and potential should be reviewed. The training and development requirements of potential successors need to be determined. The skills of potential successors must be developed through work experiences, job rotation, projects and other challenging assignments. A system for monitoring candidates development plan progress by senior management should be established. Succession planning must include a system for providing feedback and encouragement to potential successors. Succession planning is basically a numbers game that requires good organizational skills and the ability to pay attention to details. Finally, the succession plan must belong to the organization and not to the HR department in order to make sure it has the attention it deserves.( Tom Bartridge, 2005) Any succession planning will be organized to integrate all its components and emphasizes the internal development of existing employees in the organization. (Rothwell, 2005a) A succession planning starts from preparation. The first priority in the preparation is deciding members of succession planning team. This group will determine the scope of the entire project by formulating how many levels of management will be concluded. Here is an overview of the basic steps of the succession planning process: Preparation Get commitment Assess the organization. Determine key positions. Identify competencies for key positions. Identify and assess candidates. Create development plans. Measure, monitor, report, and revise. Preparation A succession planning starts from preparation. The first priority in the preparation is deciding members of succession planning team. This group will determine the scope of the entire project by formulating how many levels of management will be concluded. Get commitment No succession planning program can operate without managers and employees at all levels totally understanding why a succession program is needed. At the same time, executives, managers, supervisors and employees must clearly understand their role in the program. Organization should also link strategic and workforce planning decisions connect succession planning to the needs and interests of senior leaders. (William J. Rothwell, 2007) Assess the organization During this step, constitutors should assess current problems and practices or organization, whats situation around organization and analyze the strength, weakness, opportunity and threat (SWOT) of organization. Whats more, they will analyze present work requirements and individual performance to get overview of organization. Determine key positions. Decisions makers should analyze the gaps by determining current supply and anticipated demand. They should check whether the positions arrangement is reasonable and what modification should be done to make the operation more efficient. At the same time, future conditions should be considered, whether the organization needs some new positions to meet the changes in the future. Identify competencies for key positions. In this stage decision makers identify core competencies and technical competency requirements of those key positions, they align the organizations strategic objectives with the work and competencies need to realize those objectives. At the same time, they will identify the future work requirements and individual potential. The future will not necessarily be like the past. The organizations future requirements should be driven down to each level, job and function. The result should be expected future job descriptions and future competency models. Identify and assess candidates. Firstly, HR audits develop a pool of high potential candidates based on the requirements of positions, and then managers identify some high potential successors and their developmental needs. After observing their working for periods of time, their supervisors will evaluate those potentials. The candidates for promotion to higher level responsibilities should be considered against the background of the future. In other words, every individual who wants promotion is really working to be developed on an escalator because the competitive environment within which the organization performs is not static. Things are changing as individuals are being developed. It is not enough to suppose that successful performance in the past will make sure successful performance in the future. Instead, decision makers should find impersonal ways to determine how well potentials will perform at a future time or at a higher level of management. Create development plans To better help candidates improve themselves to make them qualified to the higher level positions; organizations should create development plans for them. This step focuses on closing developmental gaps found by previous step. To carry out this step successfully, managers should establish an individual development plan for each employee to narrow gaps between what the individual does now and what he or she must do successfully in the future to function at higher levels of responsibility. An individual development plan is like a learning contract. It is usually completed between an individual and supervisor. Candidates are inspired to take advantages of resources to help them build the competencies they need at higher levels of management. Resources may consist of training courses inside the organization, seminars or conferences outside the organization, internal job rotation experiences, and many other competency building efforts. (William J. Rothwell, 2007) Different plans apply to different level, job and function. Candidates should be given opportunities to express themselves. Not just tell them what to do, let them deal with problems by themselves to train them how to be a manager in the future. Measure, monitor, report, and revise The results of a succession planning program can be evaluated by measuring program success against the objectives established for the program in step B. By tracking selections from talent pools, listening to leader feedback on success of internal talent and internal hires, analyzing satisfaction surveys from customers, employees, and stakeholders and assessing response to changing requirements and needs. E. How succession planning works in hospitality Average turnover rate in hospitality industry ranges between 50-400% for employees and 25-200% for managers annually. Its pretty high when compared to other industries. For instance, in the electronics industry (well- known for its high turnover) the rate of turnover is only about 27%. High turnover rate is accompanied by high turnover cost; hotels have to spend a lot of money on recruiting new employees and managers, not to say the lose results from vacancies before the new candidates are selected. The profound changes that have occurred in the hospitality industry and the implications of these changes have affected the ways the hospitality industry hires, develops, and retains employees. It is critical for any hotels to pay attention on the aspect of hospitality human resources: managing the organizations human capital and retaining its professional employees. There are many departments in a hotel to satisfy different demands of customers. For example, front desk, food and wine, housekeeping and finance department they are all necessary to a hotel and any of them fail to operate properly will interrupt the integral organization. To avoid this kind of human resource crisis, succession planning is necessary to hospitality industry. A good succession planning in a hotel should develop different plans for different departments. The function and work of each department is distinctive, so plans makers should focus on each departments characteristic. When designing the talent pool for each department, decision makers should not forget the cross training. Cross training can provide hotels human resource backup to prepare for the peak season. Conclusion Succession planning is not something a good company can ignore because the consequences of not being prepared to replace key personnel will have a major impact on an organizations ability to achieve its goals and strategic targets. The succession planning process needs to be considered as part of the companys strategic planning process because it deals with projecting future changes by anticipating management vacancies and then determining how to meet these challenges. (William J. Rothwell, 2007) When it comes to hospitality people have to talk about the employees. Employees are the most important part of hotels operation. They have the strongest effects on customers who decide the success or failure of hotels. A succession planning is here to provide hotels with continuous talent pool to keep hotels run successfully and progressive. Succession planning should be approached with same conscientious objectives that one would benefit the management of any valuable asset. Retirement fund assets are invested in different vehicles depending upon an individuals appetite for risk. Investment yields are tracked. Investment strategies are modified when results do not meet expectations. Retirement fund managers are kept or fired based on portfolio results. Succession planning efforts should be managed similarly. Create a strict structure to gather assessment information, articulate goals, track progress and evaluate results. In this context, the people who should be at the top of your organization in the future will emerge as stars. (Richard Houston, 2007)

Downfall and Salvation in Crime and Punishment :: Crime Punishment Essays

In the novel Crime and Punishment, the so-called "extraordinary man" theory plays an important role. Raskolnikov, downtrodden, and psychologically battered, believes himself to be exempt from the laws of ordinary men. It is this creedo that makes him believe he has the right to murder Alyona Ivanovna. In the nineteenth century, the extraordinary man theory was widely popular. There were two main schools of thought on the subject, the proponents of which were the philosophers Georg Hegel and Freiderich Neitzsche. Both philosophers believed that there were a certain, select, handful of extraordinary people in the world. Both believed that these extraordinary people were above the laws of ordinary men and did not have to submit to their moral code. However, these philosophers disagreed on the motivation of the extraordinary man. Hegel believed that the "superman" could ignore the laws as long as his actions benefited the race of man as a whole. On the other hand, Neitzsche believed that the superman broke the laws in order to benefit himself alone. In a way, Raskolnikov submits to both theories of the extraordinary man. What is important to understand is why Raskolnikov believes himself to be extraordinary. Firstly, Raskolnikov's perilous financial state and near destitution cause him to be pushed to the edge of sanity. Secondly, the natural arrogance that stems from possessing a great intellect (which Raskolnikov does) causes Raskolnikov to believe that he is above everyone else. In respect to his crime, one can look at it from both the Hegelian and Neitzschean point of view. For the first five sections of Crime and Punishment, Raskolnikov takes a Hegelian view of his crime. He convinces himself that he killed Alyona Ivanovna because she was a bloodsucking leach on the body of the poor. Raskolnikov believes he is doing mankind a service by removing the dishonest and unfair pawnbroker. It is not until part six that Raskolnikov admits to himself that his ultimate motive was Neitzschean. He finally admits to Sonia that he killed Alyona just to see if he could do it. He wanted to know whether he was a "Napoleon," able to commit an evil act and walk away with no remorse. In short, Raskolnikov killed Alyona not because she was dishonest and he needed money, he killed her simply to benefit his ego. In some ways, the extraordinary man theory also applies to Svidrigailov and Luzhin.

How to Write a Bad Essay Essay

It is very easy to find any sort of information in the books or internet sites, which can be helpful for those students, who want to write a good essay. Our professors explain us how to organize our work on the essays, how to do a good research or how to create a clear thesis statement. From our friends or classmates we can get a good piece of advice on how to plan, reference and format our writing correctly. However, it is really very difficult to find some useful information for those students, who intend to write a really bad essay. There are no good books or articles, which can help or at least give some ideas for such students. That is why those students, who want to make their essays really bad and unusable, have to spend a lot of efforts and be very creative. In order to write a bad essay, the first and very important steps are to avoid looking for any relevant information and not to do any sort of academic research. It is recommended also not to visit any lectures and not to use any notes of the classmates on the subject. Second, for producing a bad essay it is absolutely essential to spend as less time as possible for your writing. It is good to start working on the essay right before the deadline: this will help you to avoid the temptation to go to a library, consult your professor or look for some reputable scholar sources. The third step is not to do any planning of the writing, especially not to write any outline or summary. The next step of producing a terrible essay is to avoid coming up with any idea or point of the writing. It is also important to keep away from answering the questions of the essay clearly and concisely. Instead, you can write down everything which is unrelated or is currently in your mind. The further step for those students, who want to write a terrible essay, is to be sure that it has no certain clear thesis statement or proper structure, as well as no such components as an introduction, body paragraphs and conclusion. The next essential step is not to be concerned about any plagiarism and stealing someone else’s ideas or thoughts for your essay. Usual â€Å"copy-paste† from an internet source, from a magazine or a book, incorporated into your writing without any citing or referencing, is one of the greatest ways to produce a bad essay. More to the point, it is essential to remember that a bad essay never has anything like a reference page or works cited page. At last, the next stage is to ignore any rules and standards of formatting and place your text randomly on the pages. Furthermore, for making your essay as worse as possible, it is crucial not to spend time for revising or re-reading your writing and ignore all possible rules of English grammar, errors, typos, run-on sentences and other imperfections. It is effective to use wrong words and numerous repetitions in the essay. As a final stage, it is very important not to allow any of your friends or classmates to help you and check out your essay for clarity and content. Finally, the very last idea is to print out your essay on dirty or used paper and be sure that it is late for submission. The majority of people are convinced that it is very easy to write a bad essay, because no special skills or talents are required. Nevertheless, taking into account everything mentioned above, it must be clear for every student that producing a bad writing is, actually, very hard and exhausting job. It takes a lot of attention and a lot of hard work, therefore, not everyone can complete this assignment successfully. In my opinion, writing a bad essay definitely takes more efforts than writing a good essay. Maybe that is why a great deal of students prefer not to get into a trouble and choose not to deal with bad essays. Therefore, I am sure that it is always safer, more interesting and challenging to write good, readable, clear, laconic and fully referenced essays. Works Cited: â€Å"How to Write a Bad History Essay.† Keele University. History School of Humanities. 19 Apr. 2008 .   

Seeking Jobs for Ftuers!!

TOPIC 1: what jobs are suitable for FTUers? Provide job description for the ones you recommend. What is the advice for today’s job seekers? Hi everyone! Thank you very much for coming here today. I’m Linh. I’m a first year student of Foreign Trade University. As you all know seeking a suitable job is very important for everyone after graduating, and FTUers are not exceptions. So I’m here today to talk to you about that â€Å"hot† topic: Seeking jobs! My presentation’s not gonna take too long so I hope you’ll find it interesting.I have divided my presentation into three main parts. First of all, I’ll start with the advantage of FTUers. Second, I’ll show you what jobs are suitable for FTUers and provide a description for sales and marketing manager. And third, I’ll offer some advice for today’s job-seekers. Don’t worry! There’ll be plenty of time left over for questions at the end. Before startin g, let me explain that I use â€Å"FTU† to stand for â€Å"Foreign Trade University† and â€Å"FTUers† are students of FTU. OK, let me go back to my first point: The advantage of FTUers.FTU is one of the most highly prestigious universities in Vietnam. FTU has gained enormous achievements in providing talented and high quality human resources to the economy and thus made great contribution to the cause of industrialization, modernization and global economic integration of the country. FTU is now offering a wide range of majors and specializations in economics, business, business administration, finance and banking and foreign languages. Students from FTU are recognized as being active and well-qualified.Most graduates from our university are likely to get the top priority of selection when they apply for jobs in companies and organizations in Vietnam. In some areas, FTUers are more needed by employers than the students majoring in the area itself (for example: i n banking, FTU candidates are said to be more competitive than ones from Banking Institution). What I mean is that being an FTUers, you have more chance to get a nice job than anyone else in any other university. (yes, anyone else! Now, let me turn to the next point. First, I’d like to recap the question â€Å"what jobs are suitable for FTUers? † As I said before, FTU graduates are so active and could apply for many kinds of job positions. They tend to find a job which has high salary, professional and active working environment, many opportunities to get ahead a promotion. If you’re a student specializing in economy, namely you can work for the leading import-export business, joint-venture companies, International co-operation agency in commercial field.Or if you major in banking and financial, you can work in the sale division or the credit department for the banks such as: ANZ, Agribank, BIDV†¦ or securities companies. There are so many jobs being suitab le for FTUers and choosing a job depends on many different factors. I believe that FTU graduates will get the best suitable job for themselves. We ARE the best, right? Well, as I promised before, now I’d like to provide a description for sales and marketing manager.As a sales and marketing manager, you’ll be involved in many different roles depending on whom you work for. Job duties include: assisting Marketing Manager in coordinating various integrated communication and marketing activities, coordinating in production of a wide range of marketing communications, providing product positioning materials as well as training for customer service and sales, working with customers in developing case studies, references, and testimonials, etc.And to become a good manager, you should have computer proficiency skills; plan decisions and practice good judgment; effective project management skills and ability to operate under solid pressure and meet tight deadlines. And of cours e, you have to be a self-motivated, confident, energetic, and creative person not only to get this job but also many other jobs. And now, let me move on to the final point of my presentation. Getting a job nowadays becomes harder and harder. So I’d like to offer some advice for today’s job seekers to help them get a good job.Before I talk about my advice, I want you to know that there are quite a lot of things you need to prepare to get a job so now I just give you some basic tips. The very first thing that you need to do is before an interview, please do research carefully (really carefully) about the company. You should be able to cite data you've learned about them. And remember: you have to be constantly positive and convinced (constantly positive and convinced) within your heart that you really want to work for this company.Even a slight lack of enthusiasm can affect the outcome. (Yes, I said even a slight lack of enthusiasm) The second thing is finding an experie nced friend to rehearse an interview. Better yet, make a video! You need to be rigorously critical about your performance and never give up improving that performance. And the last but not the least is being prepared for rejections, and don’t waste your time getting angry at the perceived unfairness of them. Just get better at your interview skills for the next time.Well, that final tip brings me to the end of my presentation. I’d like to run through my three main parts again: The first part is the advantage of FTUers, the second part is what jobs are suitable for FTUers and a job description for sales and marketing manager, and the last part is some basic tips for today’s job seekers. I hope my presentation is comprehensible and useful for you guys. Thank you very much for listening. And now if you have any question, please feel free to ask me.